Characteristics of the sample were described by means (standard deviation) and frequency (%). At baseline, two VMS groups – any or none – were compared for group differences in, and associations among, demographics (age, race/ethnicity, education), quality of life (SF-36 score), and clinical characteristics (weight, hip and waist circumference, menopausal status, fat mass, fat free mass, skeletal mass), and VMS was estimated using chi square test (x 2 ) for categorical variables, and Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables. A scatter plot matrix was used to examine linear correlations among variables. For the purposes of modelling, LBM is represented by the SMI variable. Additionally, to account for the nonindependence of longitudinal observations derived from the same woman and data in which the number of observations may differ across women, longitudinal modeling using SAS PROC MIXED incorporated a random intercept term to account for the correlated errors among repeated measures of the same woman. Missing values of time-varying variables were interpolated based on prior and subsequent values for gaps of one to two visits as in previous SWAN analyses . To assess H1, incident VMS was modeled as a function of concurrent LBM using logistic regression analysis. To address H2 regarding long term change in LBM, the model was expanded to add within-woman percent change in LBM since baseline and to address Hstep three, regarding recent change in LBM, the model was expanded to add within-woman percent change in LBM since prior visit (approximately 1 year earlier). The overall association between LBM and VMS was estimated in binary logistic regression models. Statistical analyses were one-tailed with an alpha level of 0.05 and conducted findbride Dating using SAS University Edition (© 2012–2018, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC).
Results
Within baseline (visit 6) there have been 2533 people remaining in the brand new SWAN analysis who were on average 52 years old plus the differences in the group qualities receive in Desk step 1. Simply women revealing no symptoms on standard (letter = 1179) was in fact used in longitudinal analyses to own VMS having LBM. During the go to 10 there were 800 female residing in the analysis.
At baseline, SMI showed a strong positive correlation to FFMI both for symptoms = none (r0 (864) = 0.931, p Table 2 Association of VMS to lean body mass (Odds Ratios)
Predicted odds of symptoms taking place during the offered levels of SMI (modified to possess FFMI and you can FMI) in women and no VMS from the go to 6 (baseline)
Talk
Utilising the analysis because of it large, multiethnic sample off mid-decades feminine regarding the SWAN study, we unearthed that people with large cousin degrees of LBM was basically less likely to want to create VMS as they transitioned as a result of menopausal. Which impression try seen to be independent out of sociodemographic points and you will levels of body weight size. On the other hand, since mediocre chronilogical age of the players within research improved out of 52.0 so you can 56.6 age and also the number of women that was indeed postmenopausal increased regarding 40% (letter = 430) within see six so you can 72% (n = 733) in the check out ten, the investigation managed to file the newest path by way of menopause changeover for some the latest cohort.
Significant present studies have worried about new association from system mass list (BMI) and you can per cent body fat having VMS and has now advised a positive relationship anywhere between expanding Body mass index together with exposure out-of VMS [31, thirty two,33,34,thirty five,36]. However, Body mass index is an awful predictor out-of system mass as it simply a way of measuring extra weight and will not identify anywhere between surplus fat size and you may fat free bulk . All of our analysis tested the components regarding looks structure and found slim mass, influenced by both fat free size and you can skeletal muscle tissue, to own a significant affect the probability of development VMS through the years when you find yourself nonetheless because of the prospective effect away from lbs mass. A recent get across-sectional study of 758 feminine discovered that trunk lean mass was a separate defensive basis to own modest so you’re able to big menopausal attacks and you may one to VMS were individually connected with highest Bmi and you will lbs size . The root elements of relationship anywhere between looks composition and you may VMS are not completely clear considering the unfinished knowledge of the fresh new structure out of VMS .
